Proactive Vigilance: How Citizens can hold their government accountable
Oludotun Babayemi
July 18, 2016
“Abeg, you cannot come and fix a programme that will start at 8 am on a Saturday morning, I will not be able to attend, please postpone it for another day or cancel it” responded Ijiwere to her colleagues, who wanted to visit another friend; “Let me tell you, If you want me to come for that ‘owambe’ party on Saturday, then you should let it start at 10 am” affirmed Giringori, to his friends who were planning an event for Saturday.
“Imagine, those my friend wanted to suggest 8 am as a time for that party, I totally disagreed, and told them Jigida will be aired on radio at that time, and that is the only way I can report the lack of water in Kagara” said Giringori to his elder brother – Ijiwere.
These are the kind of conversations that go on in Kagara community, with everyone looking forward to Jigida, a weekly, one – hour radio programme that allows for citizens to call – in and express their community needs, which afterwards are been documented and sent to the various local government chairmen, and State House of Representative for response and decisions to be made. That’s not all, the first 30 mins of the programme is dedicated to the Councillor of the community sharing with the community, how much and what they will be spending on in the week. This is what proactive vigilance is all about!
Although proactive vigilance or public participation in budgeting or government spending is relatively new, the evidence attesting to its impact on resource allocation and service delivery is growing. Many of the existing findings are based on the well-known Brazilian experience with participatory budgeting, established first in Porte Alegre in 1989, and now replicated in over 40 countries around the world. Nigeria, is not left out as well, as its government hopes to encourage citizen participation, with its recent commitment to joining the Open Government Partnership, a multilateral initiative that aims to secure concrete commitments from governments to promote transparency, empower citizens, fight corruption, and harness new technologies to strengthen governance.
You might be wondering, how many – landlord associations,vigilante groups, market women associations, community development associations, we have in rural communities. A lot of them! When are we going to start having “project vigilante” in rural communities, that will become voices of several communities, because by the time you wake up tomorrow morning, the news will be agog with “one billion dollars to be released to provide water in Kagara” only to go to Kagara after one year, you will find out that Kagara has no water source or a broken water source. Quite pathetic, and that’s is the way we are – the leaders and followers.
Nevertheless, I am excited that the Story Story writers at BBC Media Action are focusing on how citizens at the local government level, can be proactively vigilant on such issues of government spending in their communities, and I recently had some hours of session brainstorming with the crew, on how citizens can become vigilant themselves, I hope all will be reflected in their popular radio drama coming up sometimes in fall. Thanks to Nkem, our Reseach Lead on government finance, who took some notes on the highlights, and I have added them below:
Citizens can at every stage of this budget cycle engage their various government, but limited participation is expected during during formulation
- There is the local government or state government budget, a document that highlights government spending and revenue which can be for a financial year, or a multiyear.
- The Budget has its on cycle starting from formulation (when Ministry, Department, Agencies, put together their budget), to enactment (when the national or state legislative arm assent to the budget), to implementation (the stage at which contractors start executing projects in your communities), and lastly, the assessment stage (where everyone assesses the implementation of the budget, to provide feedback on how the next stage should look like)
- At every stage of the budget, citizens can make noise about their plight, and join in the conversation. They can form themselves as vigilante group or association, and always knock on the door of their local government officer or Councillor.
- They can forward a freedom of information request letter to the local government chairman to request for their budget immediately it passes the enactment stage, and even ask more question like who is the contractor, what is the work plan for the project, how much is the contractor getting, and when will the project be concluded. Here is an example of a freedom of information letter if you want to write one
- Government at the local government and state government level should starting providing platforms as well, for the assesement stage. E.g. using local radio programmes like Jigida, create a referendum mechanism for your local government area for people to have their say on projects proposed for next financial year. It should not be only during elections, that citizens see chairmen of local government or governors of states canvassing for votes.
- Like I always say, the budget is not only the means by which government declare their spending, in fact 50% – 60% of what’s on it might not be relevant. The other way is to always listen to the state news on your local radio, projects will be announced at all times, especially when they are project funded by other partners, such as the federal government or international donor agencies.
Ijiwere and Giringori have decided to do away with social gatherings, and focus on becoming a vigilante for community projects in Jigida, and if you are reading this, you should be towing same way, and you should share this piece. I look forward to the final drama series on this – If you have listened to Story Story, Voices from the Market program, then you should be more expectant. See you all in Kagara town, listening to Jigida on radio!
From left, Oludotun Babayemi, Nkem and the BBC Media Action Writers
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آموزش تصویری تزریق سرم در منزل و بیمارستان
و تمامی این کادر درمانی تجربه زیادی در زمینه پرستاری دارند.
تزریقات در منزل در منطقه نارمک
توسط کادر درمانی مجرب به طبیب ارائه می شود.
همچنین مراجعه حضوری به تزریقاتی نارمک معایبی دارد که در ادامه به آنها اشاره خواهیم کرد.
زمانی که یکی از عزیزانمان در
بستر بیماری گرفتار می شود به مراقبت
و توجهات ویژه ای نیاز دارد
که گاها پرستاری از بیمار بسیار زمان گیر و دشوار بوده و انجام آن ها نیاز به مهارت های خاصی دارد.
داشتن یک پرستار آموزش دیده و با تجربه که دلسوزانه از بیمار
مراقبت کند و در کنار بیمار باشد، موجب آرامش خاطر بیمار و عزیزان آن فرد و همچنین تسریع
در روند بهبود حال روحی و جسمی بیمار می
شود. وقتی شخصی مبتلا به هایپرتروفن بطن چپ باشد، میبایستجهت درمان فوری فشار خون بالا،
فشار خون خود را پایین بیاورد.
این سرم برای جلوگیری از احتباس سدیم هنگام اعمال جراحی، تغذیه حمایتی،
حفظ پروتئین بدن و آنسفالوپاتی کبدی در مبتلایان به هپاتیت یا سیروز استفاده میشود.
در صورت نیاز بیمار به سرم در فواصل معین ، سوند متصل به بازوی بیمار برداشته نمی شود.
پرستار مراقب در منزل وظیفه آموزش محافظت از سوند متصل را به خویشاوندان بیمار /
بیمار دارد. مرکز از شما در مورد تجویز پزشک ،
سن ، منطقه و روزهایی که درخواست خدمات می
کنید و تهیه داروها سوالاتی می پرسد.
کپی رایت © 2022 تمامی حقوق مادی و معنوی
برای مرکز درمان در منزل امداد محفوظ است.
قبل از تزریق سرم باید نوع سرم تهیه شده
را با نسخه پزشک کنترل شود.
مرکز رازی ارائه دهنده تمامی خدمات تزریق سرم و سرم تراپی در منزل درشهر کرج
با بهترین و مجرب ترین کادر پرستاری است تا بدین وسیله به بهبودی شما کمک کند و سرعت بخشد.
تزریق در علم پزشکی روشی برای وارد کردن
بدون واسطه داروهای مایع به بدن می باشد.
تزریق می تواند شامل تزریق انواع واکسن ها و یا
آمپول باشد، که برای انجام آن از سرنگ یا
سوزن های نوک تیز استفاده می شود.
تزریق با توجه به نوع دارو و نحوه ی ورود آن نوع روش های مختلفی دارد،
به همین خاطر باید نوع داروی بیمار مشخص شود، تا
بتوانیم نوع تزریق را انتخاب کنیم.
سی، تزریق های داخل جلدی
باشد، که بیشتر برای واکسیناسیون استفاده می شود، تزریق عضلانی یکی از رایج ترین نوع تزریقات می باشد، و تزریق وریدی
و تزریق به صورت پانسیون مانند تزریق پانسیون مایع نخاعی و به اختصار اس سی اف می باشد.
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